Gambling is a risky activity in which you place something of value, such as money or property, on the outcome of an event. Some people become addicted to gambling and experience negative consequences such as financial stress, relationship breakdown, family violence, mental illness and suicide. The legacy of gambling harm can last throughout a person’s life and across generations.
Understanding what makes some people vulnerable to developing problems can help us develop better prevention and treatment strategies. For example, research suggests that some people may have a genetic predisposition to thrill-seeking behaviour and impulsivity, and differences in the way their brains process reward information and control impulses. Other factors include the availability of gambling venues, advertising and VIP schemes that encourage gambling. These can also be influenced by culture and community beliefs about gambling.
A small number of people who gamble become addicted and experience significant harm. The Royal College of Psychiatrists defines this as “gambling disorder” and it can range from mild to severe. The condition affects men more than women and it can occur at any age, though people who start gambling as teenagers or young adults are particularly vulnerable to developing a problem. It can also be triggered by specific events, such as the death of a loved one, or by certain drugs or alcohol.
It’s important to recognise the signs of gambling addiction and take action if you think you have a problem. Talking to someone you trust, such as a friend or family member or a professional counsellor, can help. It’s also a good idea to reduce the amount of money you’re spending and limit how much time you spend on gambling activities.
While most people enjoy a bit of gambling from time to time, it’s not right for everyone. People who develop compulsive gambling, or a gambling disorder, find that their gambling habits interfere with their daily lives. They are unable to stop gambling, even when it’s causing them distress. They are prone to lying and stealing to fund their habit, and they often end up in debt.
Many different types of gambling are available, including casinos, horse racing and sports betting. Some people like to play video games with a gambling component, and these are growing in popularity as they become more sophisticated. There is also a growing trend towards online gambling and mobile phone apps that allow people to gamble from anywhere in the world, at any time.
The most common cause of gambling disorder is poor money management and the onset of a high-risk mental health condition such as anxiety or depression. Other contributing factors are a lack of social support, the use of credit cards and other loans and an over-reliance on gambling as a source of entertainment. There is no cure for gambling disorder, but if you notice any of the warning signs it’s important to seek help and advice as soon as possible.
